Comparison of Peak Force and Myoelectric Activity of the Anterior and Middle Deltoid at Three Shoulder Angles During Frontal, Diagonal, and Lateral Raise Exercises in Trained Men

Authors

  • Willy A. Gomes Department of Physical Education, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo, Sorocaba, Brazil; BOS Institute, Sorocaba, Brazil
  • Josinaldo J. da Silva Department of Physical Education, Nove de Julho University, SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Sao Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil
  • Roberto A. Magalhaes Department of Physical Education, Mogi Guaçu University, Mogi Guaçu, SP, Brazil
  • Luis F.M. Teixeira Department of Physical Education, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil; BOS Institute, Sorocaba, Brazil
  • Rafael C. Paulino Department of Physical Education, Mogi Guaçu University, Mogi Guaçu, SP, Brazil
  • Paulo H. Marchetti Department of Kinesiology, California State University - Northridge, CA, USA.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47206/ijsc.v5i1.522

Keywords:

shouder position, isometric strength, muscle activity

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to compare the peak force and myoelectric activity of the anterior (AD) and middle deltoid (MD) at three different shoulder joint angles during the frontal (FR), diagonal (DR), and lateral raise (LR) exercises in recreationally-trained men. Fifteen resistance-trained men (age: 27±5 years, height: 173±9 cm, total body mass: 81±10 kg) were assigned to this study. Three resistance exercises (FR, DR, and LR) were tested isometrically at three different shoulder joint angles (0°, 45°, and 90°). Peak force (PF) and myoelectric activity (iEMG) were measured for all exercises and shoulder joint angles. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (3x3) was used to test differences between exercises (FR, DR, and LR) and shoulder joint angles (0°, 45°, and 90°) for PF. A three-way repeated-measures ANOVA (2x3x3) was used to test differences between muscle groups (AD and MD), exercises (LR, DR, and FR), and shoulder joint angles (0°, 45°, and 90°) for iEMG. All RT exercises presented similar levels of force production and myoelectric activity (AD and MD) regardless of the specific plane of motion (p>0.05). However, the shoulder joint position affected the force production and AD activity without changes for MD.

Author Biographies

  • Willy A. Gomes, Department of Physical Education, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo, Sorocaba, Brazil; BOS Institute, Sorocaba, Brazil

    1Department of Physical Education, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil.

    2Department of Physical Education, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo, Sorocaba, Brazil.

    3BOS Institute, Sorocaba, Brazil.

  • Josinaldo J. da Silva, Department of Physical Education, Nove de Julho University, SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Sao Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil

    4Department of Physical Education, Nove de Julho University, SP, Brazil.

    5Department of Physical Education, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Sao Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil.

  • Roberto A. Magalhaes, Department of Physical Education, Mogi Guaçu University, Mogi Guaçu, SP, Brazil

    6Department of Physical Education, Mogi Guaçu University, Mogi Guaçu, SP, Brazil.

  • Luis F.M. Teixeira, Department of Physical Education, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil; BOS Institute, Sorocaba, Brazil

    1Department of Physical Education, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil.

    3BOS Institute, Sorocaba, Brazil.

  • Rafael C. Paulino, Department of Physical Education, Mogi Guaçu University, Mogi Guaçu, SP, Brazil

    6Department of Physical Education, Mogi Guaçu University, Mogi Guaçu, SP, Brazil.

  • Paulo H. Marchetti, Department of Kinesiology, California State University - Northridge, CA, USA.

    Professor 

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Published

2025-11-21

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Strength and Conditioning

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Willy A. Gomes, Josinaldo J. da Silva, Roberto A. Magalhaes, Luis F.M. Teixeira, Rafael C. Paulino, Paulo H. Marchetti

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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How to Cite

Gomes, Willy A., Josinaldo J. da Silva, Roberto A. Magalhaes, Luis F.M. Teixeira, Rafael C. Paulino, and Paulo H. Marchetti. 2025. “Comparison of Peak Force and Myoelectric Activity of the Anterior and Middle Deltoid at Three Shoulder Angles During Frontal, Diagonal, and Lateral Raise Exercises in Trained Men”. International Journal of Strength and Conditioning 5 (1). https://doi.org/10.47206/ijsc.v5i1.522.